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Clinical Analysis and Risk Factors in Laryngeal Leukoplasia
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Original Investigation
VOLUME: 8 ISSUE: 3
P: 198-202
December 2018

Clinical Analysis and Risk Factors in Laryngeal Leukoplasia

J Acad Res Med 2018;8(3):198-202
DOI: 10.5152/jarem.2018.2318
Fatih Tetik 1
Meltem Esen Akpınar 2
Eymen Oruç 3
Irmak Uçak 4
Berna Uslu Coşkun 2
1. Sağlık Bilimleri Üniversitesi Gaziosmanpaşa Taksim Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Kulak Burun Boğaz Kliniği, İstanbul, Türkiye
2. İstanbul Şişli Hamidiye Etfal Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Kulak Burun Boğaz Kliniği, İstanbul, Türkiye
3. İstanbul Çatalca İlyas Çokay Devlet Hastanesi, Kulak Burun Boğaz Kliniği, İstanbul, Türkiye
4. İstanbul Sultan Abdulhmid Han Eğitim ve Araştırma Hastanesi, Kulak Burun Boğaz Kliniği, İstanbul, Türkiye
No information available.
No information available
Received Date: 19.07.2018
Accepted Date: 23.07.2018
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ABSTRACT

Objective:

Leukoplasia requires careful clinical follow-up with recurrent biopsies, regardless of the histopathological grade of dysplasia, because it has a potential risk of malignant transformation. This study aimed to investigate the clinical features and risk factors of laryngeal leukoplasia.

Methods:

Overall, 174 lesions of 97 patients who were diagnosed with vocal fold dysplasia between 2007 and 2013 at our clinic were retrospectively analyzed. Histopathological classification of laryngeal leukoplakia, gender, age, systemic diseases, smoking habits, initial symptoms, duration of symptoms, location, size and number of lesions, and recurrence of the lesion were recorded.

Results:

Ten (10.30%) of the patients were females and 87 (89.70%) were males. The average age was 56.95 years. The initial sypmtom of all patients was hoarseness. Average cigarette use was 38.82 packets/year; smoking frequency was 93.8%; and reflux frequency was 16.6%. Indirect and direct laryngoscopic examinations revealed that 103 (59.53%) patients had leukoplasia and 70 (40.46%) patients had vocal cord irregularities. Mild dysplasia was the most common histopathological diagnosis. The lesion location was 45.1% in the anterior 1/3, 32.34% in the middle 1/3, and 22.55% in the posterior 1/3 of the vocal cord. The age distribution, sex ratio, duration of initial symptom, reflux rate, smoking rate, and localization were not statistically significant (p>0.05) in patients with and without recurrence. Leukoplasia recurrence rate was significantly higher (p<0.05) than irregularity rate.

Conclusion:

In laryngeal leukoplasia, biopsy and histopathological examination are important for evaluating epithelial dysplasia and its degree. Histopathologically, factors such as presence and severity of dysplasia and smoking increase the risk of developing malignancy. Clinically homogeneous leukoplasia has a higher recurrence rate than nonhomogeneous irregularity. However, age distribution, sex, duration of initial symptom, reflux rate, smoking, and localization does not increase the recurrence rate, according to the results of this study.

Keywords: Leukoplasia, dysplasia, vocal cord, larynx

References

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